Comparative Study of Chemical -Composition and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Thymus Vulgaris's Essential Oil Harvested from Deraa-Tafilalet's Region (Morocco) with Previous Studies

Thymus vulgaris which is known as Thym, Zitra in Arabic it belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is one of many wild aromatic medicinal plants, which grows naturally in Morocco. In our study we chose the one harvested from South East Morocco precisely in Deraa-Tafilalet’s region. The essential oil is obtained by Hydrodistillation using Clevenger device with an yield of 1, 3 % using CG/MS analysis that Carvacrol (45,85%) and endo-Borneol (22,46%) are the components with the highest rate. Acid and saponification index resulting indicate that Thymus vulgaris’s essential oil contains not much of free acids reason why essential oil doesn’t regroup saturated compounds.The results of antimicrobial activity of putting thymus vulgaris’s essential oil against Gram positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella ), Gram negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli ) and Candida albicans, showed that Thymus vulgaris’s essential oil has a bactericidal activity, against all the microorganisms.