Sediment Acoustics: LF Sound Speed, HF Scattering and Bubble Effects

Abstract : Physically sound models of acoustic interaction with the ocean floor including penetration, reflection and scattering in support of MCM and ASW needs. The objectives are to fill important gaps in our knowledge and understanding of ocean sediment acoustics, including (1) a new model to account for the recently measured low-frequency sound speed anomaly, (2) new scattering mechanisms to augment current Navy models of high-frequency bottom scattering, and (3) the study of time dependent propagation and scattering effects due to shallow water gas bubbles in the sediment.