Callus induction of anther in cassava (Manihot esculenta L.).

In order to better understand the effects of different hormones,low temperature on the callus induction and differentiation of anther,the anthers of cassava variety SCA 5 were used as explants and inoculated to MS solid medium with different hormone combinations for the callus induction,subculture and differentiation of anther.The results showed that the induction rate of callus for anther of cassava was increasing with the increase of 2,4-D concentration in MS medium,but the induction stage was longer.The induction rate of callus for anther of cassava reached the highest for 100% in the medium adding 6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L.In 0-5 days,the longer treating time of low temperature,the lower callus induction rate of anther for cassava,and the induction rate of callus without low temperature treatment was the highest.Moreover,in the MS medium adding 6-BA 3.0mg/L + NAA 0.2mg/L,the callus of anther was propagated continuously,but could not differentiate to produce bud and root,while the callus could produce 2-5 adventitious roots in MS adding NAA 0.2mg/L + KT 0.5mg/L or 2,4-D 0.5mg/L +KT 0.5mg/L.In the future,the haploid induction of anther for cassava could be carried out from the genotype of material,differentiation culture medium and conditions of plantlet culture,and so on.