Mycoremediation: A Novel Approach to Rescue Soil from Heavy Metal Contamination

The incessant and indiscriminate use of chemicals, agriculture fertilizers, sewage disposal, tar, accidental spillages, and explosives has been cardinally contaminating soil, water bodies, and air, which has created an alarming situation globally. The exuberant industrial growth and various developments and establishments have added to the exponential increase in the production of various municipal, industrial, and domestic wastes. All these waste materials are discarded either in landfill/soil or in the sea without undergoing initial treatment, thus annexing to the contamination of the environment as a whole. Among other chemical remediation technologies fungi have the high potency for remediation. Mycoremediationis rapidly emerging as a robust methodology to deal with abiotic metal/organic contaminant stress. Fungi can act as pivtol role because their efficient adaptation in varied surroundings and emerge as key players in reducing the heavy metal contamination, high tolerance to lethal metal environments, and an inherent elaborate detoxification mechanism make them an ideal tool against heavy metal toxicants.