Novel Detection of Diesel Adulteration using Silver coated Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

In this study, we propose a silver-coated (SPR—surface plasmon resonance)-based biosensor for the detection of diesel adulteration for the first time in the field of biosensing. Here, the numerical analysis is done by COMSOL Multiphysics V-5.1 and fully simulation software MATLAB-V16 on 30190 mesh elements, 2792 boundary elements, and 206593 degrees of freedom using finite element method (FEM) at $$25^{0}$$ C (298 K) for different concentration levels. Moreover, the entire experiment on SPR-PCF is done for the major optical parameters, for instance, birefringence ( $$B_i$$ ), coupling length ( $$L_c$$ ), power fraction ( $$P_f$$ ), confinement loss ( $$\alpha _c$$ ), amplitude sensitivity ( $$S_a$$ ), wavelength sensitivity ( $$S_w$$ ), resolution ( $$R_l$$ ), transmittance ( $$T_x$$ ), transmittance variance ( $$T_v$$ ), relative sensitivity ( $$S_r$$ ), figure of merit (FOM) and resonance ( $$R^2$$ ) which are with respect to their corresponding maximum performance profiles of $$2.5 \times 10^{-3}$$ , 1300 $$\mu$$ m, 99.93%, 1200 –1600 dB/cm, -7950 $$RIU^{-1}$$ , 49941.169 nm/RIU, $$6.319 \times 10^{-4}$$ RIU, -180 dB, 170 dB/RIU, 97.25%, 980 and 0.98312 at operating wavelength 0.5–2 $$\mu$$ m. Therefore, it is noticed that the proposed sensor can be able to establish itself as one of the toughest candidates in fiber sensing. Also, working procedure of diesel adulteration sensing as we as the entire working procedure by using a SPR platform will be regarded as a novel procedure for diesel sensing in the history of photonics.