[Portal hypertensive gastropathy--a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

There is evidence that the portal-hypertensive gastropathy is a clinical complication of portal hypertension and a distinct clinical entity being different from various types of gastritis. According to endoscopical findings one can differentiate 4 stages: I = superficial reddening on the surface of the gastric rugae, II = white reticular pattern separating areas of prominent pink oedematous mucosa (snake-skin or mosaic pattern), III = cherry red spots, IV = diffuse bleeding. These alterations occurring more prominently in the gastric fundus are caused by venous and capillary ectasia and by arteriovenous shunts. The potential of diffuse mucosal bleeding distinct from variceal haemorrhage is of clinical importance. Additionally, congestive mucosa seems to be more vulnerable to noxious agents in the gastric lumen. For therapy propranolol has been recommended.