Fatores associados a reações transfusionais imediatas em um hemocentro universitário: estudo analítico retrospectivo

An analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Objectives: Investigating the relationship among immediate transfusion reactions, demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, and transfusion-related characteristics in a university blood center. Methodology: The study was performed with data regarding blood transfusions of the blood center at Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo in 2016. Patient’s demographic and clinical characteristics and the characteristics of the immediate transfusion reactions were collected. Possible associations were evaluated using Fishers, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Student’s t-test. Statistically significant associations with p≤0.05 were considered. Results: Data from 320 patient records were analyzed, totaling 938 blood transfusions. Of the blood products transfused, 90.3% were red blood cells concentrate administered by nursing assistants in 43.8% of the situations. Immediate transfusion reactions occurred in 4.3% of the situations (n=40). The most common transfusion reaction was fever (47.5%), followed by pruritus (22.5%). The transfusion reactions were more frequent in older patients (p=0.0037) who received two blood transfusions compared to one (p<0.0001), consequently more transfusion bags (p=0.0002), greater total transfused volume (p <0.0001), and longer length of administration (p=0.0017). Patients with aplastic anemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and solid organ neoplasms had immediate transfusion reactions more frequently than patients with other diagnoses (p <0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of immediate transfusion reactions was related to age, medical diagnosis, number of blood transfusions, number of transfused bags, total transfused volume, and transfusion time. Knowledge of these factors may support specific training for immediate transfusion reactions surveillance.