Glutathione and antioxidant enzymes

Physiological data deals with glutathione and antioxidant enzymes on this species in Egypt, especially in Rashid branch of Nile River in Kafr El-Zayat, was restricted to a few published papers, unpublished reports or questionnaire studies. Consequently, the present study will intended to through more light, from physiological view, on glutathione and antioxidant enzymes in the Nile Tilapia. The antioxidant defense system enzymes includes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), aldehyde oxidase (AO) and xanthine oxidase (XO). In addition, the determination of some oxidative stress biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carponyl (PCO) levels and some physicochemical parameters like pH, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate as an indicators of water pollutants.