Impact of Nanoadditive Blended Biodiesel Fuels in Diesel Engines

Innovative techniques are underway to utilize various additives with the diesel and biodiesel fuels to improve the working attributes of internal combustion engines. Many researchers have proposed various techniques on adopting different types of additives to enhance the working attributes of CI (compression ignition) or diesel engines. Recently, nanoparticles or nanoadditives are mixed with the various fuels and have become widespread among the technical community. With regard to some potential characteristics of nanoadditives, it plays a vital role in all the fields of modern technology. Recently, nanoadditives such as alumina, ceria, aluminum, carbon nanotubes (CNT), etc. are considered as potential additive with all the available fuels. Owing to some peculiar characteristics of nanoadditives (such as shortened ignition delay, enhanced burning rate, catalytic activity, reaction efficiency, and higher cetane number), research have been carried out and thereby lead to potential usage in improvisation of fuel properties. Research information also revealed that on incorporating the nanoparticles as additives with the biodiesel, the magnitude of hazardous gaseous pollutants (such as unburnt hydrocarbons (UBHC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), smoke) was reduced without inducing any negative effect with regard to performance attribute of a diesel engine. This chapter emphasizes on various investigations carried out by several researchers on utilization of several types of nanoadditives with biodiesel fuels and their experimental outcomes in internal combustion engines.