Surface plasmon resonance biosensors with subwavelength grating waveguide
2007
In this study, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor with sub-wavelength grating waveguide for the real-time
analysis of biomolecular interactions is developed. The conventional SPR has diffractive grating structure to increase
the wave vector for exciting the surface plasmons and then detects biomolecular interactions in high order diffraction
light. Using this approach has some disadvantages such as the intensity of high order diffraction light is dimmer to be
difficult to measure and the measured reflectivity spectrum is too broadened. The proposed SPR biosensor uses a
normally incident white light with the help of subwavelength grating structure and provides a sharper reflectivity
spectrum according to waveguide interference both to avoid disadvantages of the conventional SPR biosensor with a
grating coupler. When the diffraction grating waveguide structure and the condition of SPR are destroyed by external
factors such as slight refractive index changes of the buffer or molecule adsorption on the grating surface, the optical
path and momentum of the light coupled through the gold grating into the waveguide are changed and a resonance
wavelength shift is induced as a result. By detecting this resonance wavelength shift, the SPR biosensor provides the
ability to identify the kinetics of the biomolecular interaction on an on-line basis without the need for the extrinsic
labeling of the biomolecules. The proposed biosensing metrology system becomes more simply and convenient for
real-time biomolecular interaction analysis.
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