Novel type 1 photosensitizers: viability of leukemia cells exposed to reactive intermediates generated in situ by in vitro photofragmentation
2009
Photodynamic therapy of tumors involving Type 2 photosenstizers has been conspicuously successful, but the Type
1 process, in contrast, has not received much attention despite its considerable potential. Accordingly, several classes of
molecules containing fragile bonds such as azido (-N=N=N), azo (-N=N-), sulfenato (-S-O-) and oxaza (-N-O-)
functional groups that produce reactive intermediates such as radicals and nitrenes upon photoexcitation were prepared
and tested for cell viability using U397 leukemia cell line. The azido photosensitizer was conjugated to leukemia cell
binding peptide, SFFWRLS, for targeted cell viability study. The cells were incubated with the photosensitizer at
various concentrations, and were illuminated for 5, 10, and 20 minutes. The results show that all the photosensitizers
caused cell death compared to the controls when exposed to both the photosensitizers and light. Most importantly,
selective cell death was observed with the azido peptide conjugate 6, which clearly demonstrates that these Type 1
sensitizers are useful for phototherapeutic applications.
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