A case of diaphragmatic paralysis caused by herpes zoster after anticancer chemotherapy

: A 61-year-old woman who had been followed up after resection of lung cancer (adenosquamous cell carcinoma), was admitted to our hospital because of recurrence. She received systemic anticancer chemotherapy and the chief adverse event was leukopenia (Grade 3). Nineteen days after initiating chemotherapy, she suffered painful vesicular eruption on the right upper limb and the right upper hemithorax which was diagnosed as herpes zoster. After treatment with anti-viral drugs the vesicular eruption disappeared, but chest X-ray film revealed a right diaphragmatic relaxation. Although herpes zoster virus usually affects sensory nerves and causes painful vesicular eruption, it can also damage motor nerves. Herpes zoster virus almost affects cranial nerves, but it should be considered as the cause of diaphragmatic paralysis in this case.