Biosensors for the Express Evaluation of the Level of Genotoxicity of Chemical Substances

The special attention is given to methods for control of genotoxicity. Among them, the detailed analysis is given that approaches which are based on the traditional molecular genetics tests, common instrumental systems and a modern biosensor devices. It is provided as general characteristics of the developed widely dispersed, most applicable in the practice approaches and detailed description of the basic principles of their functioning. The last a specially concerns instrumental analytical methods and, in particular, cell biosensors considering the possible type of the transducers, types of cells as sensitive structures, their integration in sensor elements and way of specific signal registration. In general it is analysed sensitivity and field of application of the existed approaches for the control of total toxicity and genotoxicity.