Candida krusei infectious arthritis: A rare complication of neutropenia

Abstract Candida krusei infections are increasing in neutropenic patients. This is the first report of a case of C. krusei arthritis in a neutropenic leukemic patient. The organism colonized the patient's respiratory tract and most likely seeded the right knee by hematogenous spread. Knee swelling and tenderness were minimal. Joint fluid Gram stain and fungal smears did not show the organism despite positive results on cultures. With therapy, the joint fluid converted from neutrophilic predominance to lymphocytic predominance. Despite sterilization of knee fluid, clinical relapse occurred after therapy with 256 mg of systemic amphotericin B; the infection was cured after a total dose of 456 mg.