Mycobactrium Tuberculosis Induced Granulomatous Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in the Renal Allograft: A Case Report

Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is rarely seen in the renal allograft. Among the renal allografts with granulomatous TIN, only 15 cases were reported to be associated with tuberculosis (TB). Hereby we report an end-stage renal disease female patient and suffered from persistent dysuria and frequency for a flew months later received kidney transplantation. Also, repeated sterile pyuria was found. One year later, she had a twin pregnancy, and hypertension (blood pressure: 152/115 mmHg) and moderate proteinuria developed at 22nd gestational week. Then, she had a preterm delivery at 27th gestational week. Although blood pressure became normal, her proteinuria persisted. Her urine culture yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis two months later. But no pulmonary TB was found. The renal biopsy demonstrated the picture of granulomatous TIN. After anti-TB combined therapy for six months, her proteinuria, still persisted and her renal function remained stable.