Association of childhood obesity phenotypes with early adulthood carotid intima-media thickness; Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Abstract Background and aims Over the past few years, obesity and metabolic syndrome prevalence among children and adolescence have an increasing trend. This study aims to investigate the association of obesity phenotypes during childhood and adolescence with early adulthood carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Methods Participants were divided into four obesity phenotypes: Metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Participants were followed for 18 years. Multivariate-adjusted Risk Ratios (RRs) were calculated for high CIMT (≥95% percentile) incidence. Results In this cohort study 1220 children and adolescents with the average age of 10.9 ± 4.0 years were included. CIMT values had a significantly increasing trend from MHNW to MUO group (p for trend