A clinical analysis of 50 cases of pathological myopia.
2007
INTRODUCTION: Eye is the most important sense organ of the human body. The
primary responsibility of the visual function is carried out by retina.
Pathological changes of retina can cause irreversible blindness. Myopia
causes impaired visual acquity among school children as well as in
adults. Retinal degeneration and retinal detachment is also commonly in
myopic patients. AIM OF THE STUDY: To analyze the clinical features and biometric parameters in
pathological myopia.
To analyze the visual parameters in relation to posterior polar
changes and disc changes.
To study the incidence of retinal degenerations and detachment in
pathological myopes.
To analyze the association of other ocular association like lens
changes, open angle glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, strabismus in
cases of pathological myopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out at Retina clinic, Regional Institute of
ophthalmology and Government ophthalmic hospital Chennai from
December 2004 to September 2006 . This is a prospective study.Cases
were registered, evaluated, treated and followed up during the study
period. Inclusion criteria :
a. Patients with a refractive error of > 6.00 D.
b. Patients with normal corneal curvature.
c. Patients with axial length of > 24 mm.
Exclusion criteria :
a. Patients with index myopia.
b. Patients with abnormal corneal curvature.( curvature myopia were
excluded).
c. Low degrees of myopia and congenital myopia.
d. Other ocular pathologies like micro ophthalmos, ROP, ectopia
lentis were excluded.
Study design :
Myopic patients attending the RIO GOH - OPD between the
period December 2004 to September 2006 were selected
randomly – criteria applied. SUMMARY: 96 eyes of 50 patients with pathological myopia were analysed
based on their axial length, corneal curvature and ocular fundal
changes at the posterior pole and in the peripheral retina
Highest incidence of pathological myopia was noted in the age
group between 21 – 30 yrs. CONCLUSION: Degenerative changes are more commonly seen in higher degrees
of myopia & so all cases of myopia must be examined meticulously
with indirect ophthalmoscope which can pick up complications at the
earliest & can be treated effectively. This can aid in retaining useful
ocular function. Awareness need to be created among myopic
population regarding visual hygiene, safety precautions, risks &
complications involved.
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