Factors that condition the spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions among nurses: an integrative review
2016
Aim To describe and synthesise previous research on factors conditioning the
spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions among nurses.
Background Spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions by health-care
providers, are a main instrument for the continuous evaluation of the risk–benefit
ratio of every drug. Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions by all health-care
providers, in particular by nurses, is a major limitation to this system.
Evaluation An integrated review of the literature was conducted using
MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus databases and Google Scholar. After
evaluation for appropriateness related to inclusion/exclusion criteria, 16 studies
were included in the final analysis and synthesis.
Key Issues Two factors emerged from the study: (1) intrinsic factors related to
nurses’ knowledge and attitudes; (2) extrinsic factors related to nurses’ interaction
with health-care organisations and to the relationship between nurses and
physicians. Nurses’ attitudes that hinder reporting include ignorance, insecurity,
fear and lethargy.
Conclusions Nurses are not fully aware of their role in adverse drug reaction
reporting. Nurses must acquire greater knowledge to implement specific skills
into their daily clinical practice.
Implications for Nursing Management To improve nurses’ reporting of adverse
drug reactions, it is necessary to develop management approaches that modify
both intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
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