Relay intercropping and crop rotation ecological planting method of gastrodia elata and gentiana rigescen in Wumeng mountain area

The invention discloses a relay intercropping and crop rotation ecological planting method of gastrodia elata and gentiana rigescen in the Wumeng mountain area. The method includes the following steps of 1, selecting and preparing lands, forming ponds, preparing materials and cultivating fungus beds in the first year, 2, planting gastrodia elata seeds in a field planting mode, mowing grass to cover the ponds, sowing gentiana rigescen, draining and preventing water logging, and excavating the gastrodia elata in the second year, 3, thinning seedlings and filling gaps with seedlings, weeding, applying fertilizer, and shearing stalks to pass the winter in the third year, 4, managing the fields and harvesting the gentiana rigescen in the fourth year, and 5, repeatedly executing the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step and reforming ponds to plant the gastrodia elata and planting the gentiana rigescen in a relay intercropping and crop rotation mode in the fifth year. The relay intercropping and crop rotation ecological planting method of the gastrodia elata and the gentiana rigescen is ecological and effective, waste slopes and sparse wood are fully utilized, lands used for the gastrodia elata and the gentiana rigescen are not in conflict with lands for crops, the utilization rate of land resources and the output, the quality and the output value of the medicinal materials can be greatly increased, the period of crop rotation of the gentiana rigescen is efficiently shortened, ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits are remarkable, and the method is simple and feasible.