Consequences of Being Born Small for Gestational Age on Body Composition: An 8-Year Follow-Up Study

Context: Increased fat mass has been reported in children and adults born small for gestational age (SGA). However, the progression of anthropometric parameters have been poorly documented in SGA adults. Objective: We hypothesized that SGA individuals would remain susceptible to gain more fat when adults beyond the period of postnatal catch-up growth. Study Population and Design: From a community-based cohort, 389 subjects born full-term SGA (body weight < 10th percentile) were compared with 462 subjects born appropriate for gestational age (25th < body weight < 75th percentile). Anthropometric parameters were measured at 22 and 30 yr as well as body composition (by multifrequency bioelectrical impedancometry and skinfold thickness) at 30 yr. Results: Both groups gained weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Progression of BMI was significantly greater in SGA (1.8 ± 2.6 vs. 1.4 ± 2.6 kg/m2; P = 0.03). At 30 yr, the proportion of obese individuals was significantly increased in SGA (12.1 v...