Monitoring osteoarthritis progression using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy
2017
We demonstrate in this study the potential of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a tool for monitoring
progression of cartilage degeneration in an animal model. Osteoarthritic degeneration was artificially
induced in one joint in laboratory rats, and the animals were sacrificed at four time points: 1, 2, 4, and 6
weeks (3 animals/week). NIR spectra were acquired from both (injured and intact) knees. Subsequently,
the joint samples were subjected to histological evaluation and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content
analysis, to assess disease severity based on the Mankin scoring system and to determine proteoglycan
loss, respectively. Multivariate spectral techniques were then employed for classification (principal
component analysis and support vector machines) and prediction (partial least squares regression)
of the samples’ Mankin scores and GAG content from their NIR spectra. Our results demonstrate
that NIR spectroscopy is sensitive to degenerative changes in articular cartilage, and is capable of
distinguishing between mild (weeks 1&2; Mankin 3)
cartilage degeneration. In addition, the spectral data contains information that enables estimation of
the tissue’s Mankin score (error = 12.6%, R2 = 86.2%) and GAG content (error = 7.6%, R2 = 95%). We
conclude that NIR spectroscopy is a viable tool for assessing cartilage degeneration post-injury, such as,
post-traumatic osteoarthritis.
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