PENGARUH CO 2 TERHADAP LAJU PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN LIPID BOTRYOCOCCUS BRAUNII PADA MEDIA AIR LAUT

2016 
Mikroalga sebagai salah satu opsi penyedia sumber bahan bakar nabati telah banyak diteliti. Salah satu yang perlu diperhatikan untuk keberlajutannya adalah sangat besarnya kebutuhan air yang harus disediakan dalam proses budidaya. Untuk menghindari kompetisi kebutuhan air tersebut, budidaya mikroalga dalam media air laut/salin dapat dipertimbangkan. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh penambahan CO 2 terhadap laju pertumbuhan dan kandungan lipid mikroalga Botryococcus braunii KA¼tzing strain NIES-836 yang dibudidaya dalam media salin dengan sistem terbuka. Penambahan CO 2 sebesar 2% hingga 20% meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dengan nilai tertinggi dicapai pada penambahan 2% CO 2 , yaitu 0,53/hari, dan laju pertumbuhan mulai menurun signifikan pada penambahan 20% CO 2 . Produksi lipid tertinggi yang dapat dipulihkan juga dicapai pada penambahan 2% CO 2 , yaitu sebesar 0,34 g/L. Kandungan asam lemak dalam total lipid diketahui hanya mencapai 25% dengan komposisi utamanya Metil Palmitat, Metil Palmitoleat dan Metil Oleat. Kata kunci: Botryococcus braunii, CO 2 , laju pertumbuhan, lipid, air laut Microalgae as an alternative resource for biofuel have attracted many research works, and one of the concerns is its sustainability due to the need of a huge amount of water in the cultivation process. To avoid such water competition, cultivation of microalgae in media of saline/sea water can be considered. In this works, the effects of CO 2 on the growth and lipid accumulation of Botryococcus braunii KA¼tzing strain NIES-836 in sea water/saline media and open system have been studied. The CO 2 additions of 2% to 20% were found to increase the specific growth rate. The highest value was reached at 2% CO 2 addition, i.e.: 0.53/day, whereas, the specific growth rate started to decrease significantly at 20% CO 2 addition. The highest lipid production that could be recovered was 0.34 g/L, and that was observed at 2% CO 2 addition. The fatty acid content in the total lipid was 25%, mainly consists of Methyl Palmitate, Methyl Palmitoleate, and Methyl Oleate. Keywords: Botryococcus braunii, CO 2 , growth rate, lipid, sea water
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