[One-year treatment of 43 chronic hemodialysis patients with recombinant human erythropoietin].

: Twenty men and 23 women aged from 18 to 65 years, who had been under maintenance haemodialysis for 2 to 16 years and whose haematocrit had been below 30 percent for at least 3 months received recombinant human erythropoietin intravenously at the end of each session for one year. Anaemia was corrected in all patients, the delay in response to each dosage variation being about 4 weeks. The necessary maintenance dosage ranged from 96 to 240 u/kg/week. The number of leucocytes increased significantly until the 4th month, from 5880 +/- 1760 to 6600 +/- 1920 per cubic mm (P less than 0.01). During treatment, pre-dialysis blood creatinine concentrations and potassium and phosphate levels rose, while blood calcium levels fell significantly from 2.45 +/- 0.16 to 2.36 +/- 0.19 mmol/l (P less than 0.01). A nonsignificant increase in systolic and diastolic pressures was also observed, from 129 +/- 16 to 134 +/- 18 mmHg (P = 0.06) and from 75 +/- 9 to 78 +/- 10 mmHg (P = 0.07) respectively. Eight patients (18 percent) required antihypertensive drugs or a higher dose of those previously prescribed. There were 7 cases of vascular thrombosis on pre-existing stenosis, and the dosage of heparin during dialysis had to be increased in most patients. This study confirms that erythropoietin plays a major role in the genesis of the anaemia associated with renal failure. The absence of severe complications in this series was probably due to the criteria of inclusion in the study.