Febrile Urinary Tract Infections in Children Less Than 2 Years of Age

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease in children. In older children the clinical symptoms, diagnostic approach and treatment are similar to adults, whereas infants and neonates present with less specific symptoms. Children post renal transplantation/on immunosuppressive medication may also present with atypical symptoms. Therefore in this chapter we will focus on acute febrile urinary tract infections in young children (aged 2 months to 2 years) and in children post renal transplantation (Tx).