Study of Cascade Shower Fluctuation with a Tile/Fiber Sampling Calorimeter

We studied electromagnetic and hadronic longitudinal cascade shower fluctuations created by electron and pion beams with energies of 1, 2, 3, and 4 GeV at KEK. A prototype sampling calorimeter of lead and scintillator sandwich was constructed for future application in a linear collider and used for observing cascade showers. We investigated and formulated the behavior of fluctuations of electromagnetic and hadron showers using a correlation matrix with which we were able to separate the π 0 component in the hadron shower fluctuation. As an application, the relation between shower fluctuations and the energy resolution of the calorimeter has been studied.