Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis of gynogenesis in Megalobrama amblycephala using spermatozoa of Erythroculter ilishaeformis
2013
In the present study we used both cytogenetics (measurement of DNA
content, detection of chromosome number, observation of gonadal
development)and molecular genetics(microsatellite analysis)to analyze
the biological characteristics of gynogenetic M. amblycephala, which
were created through gynogenesis induced via UV-irradiated E.
ilishaeformis spermatozoa to fertilize M. amblycephala eggs. The
maternal genome was duplicated by cold shock in 0~4℃ cold water
to form a population of M. amblycephala with 48 chromosomes whose DNA
content was identical to the diploid maternal parent. Morphologically,
this group of gynogenetic M. amblycephala was similar to the control
group. All gynogenetic M. amblycephala were female, and no males were
found in any of the examined gynogenetic M. amblycephala, providing
cytogenetic evidence that our gynogenetic M. amblycephala are type XY.
At the same time, microsatellite analysis showed that 63 alleles were
amplified in the three test groups of gynogenetic M. amblycephala.
Overall, the population of gynogenetic M. amblycephala observed
heterozygosity average, and the expected average was significantly
lower than the parental averages, demonstrating that after generation
gynogenesis the gene homozygosity of M. amblycephala was significantly
higher than the ordinary bream and E. ilishaeformis, making it a pure
line. The genetic proximity of gynogenetic M. amblycephala to M.
amblycephala demonstrates that gynogenesis passes on maternal DNA.
Gynogenetic groups developed in this study may provide good genetic
material for future breeding projects of M. amblycephala.
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