Linear carboxylic acid esters from α-olefins: 3. Catalysis by dispersions of palladium complexes

Linear, fatty-type, carboxylic acid esters are prepared by regioselective 1-alkene carbonylation catalyzed by dispersions of ligand-stabilized palladium(II) chlorides in quaternary Group VB salts of trichlorostannate(II). The sensitivity of these syntheses to catalyst composition and alkene structure is described, together with techniques for multiple cycling and regeneration of the preferred palladium formulation, PdCl2[P(C6H5)3]2-10[(C2H5)4N][SnCl3].