Premature ovarian insufficiency: Genetic causes and treatment options. A literature review

Premature ovarian insufficiency is a syndrome characterized by hypergonadotropic ovarian insufficiency and the reduction of ovarian function before age 40. This leads to reproductive failures, metabolic changes, and a decrease in quality of life. Currently, occult and initial forms of premature ovarian insufficiency, which have their own diagnostic features and management tactics, can be figured out. The frequency of this syndrome is between 1.1 and 3.7% and the tendency for incidence to increase can be seen. This article is a literature review of the data available in the PubMed database (2005–2020), with international clinical guidelines taken into consideration. The genetic causes of premature ovarian insufficiency, clinical signs of this pathology and treatments options for such patients are included into the review. In addition, some features of assisted reproductive technology within this group are described.