Rhinoplasty Anatomy and Procedures

The knowledge of the surgical field is the prime factor for surgical success. The external nose is pyramidal in shape. From the clinical point of view, the number of terminologies for surface landmarking is in use. The lining of the external nose is divided into skin, framework and supporting tissue. Upper one-third of the nasal framework is bony and a major part of the rest of the framework is cartilaginous. The face is divided into the number of aesthetic units for easy understanding of abnormalities, explanation to the patients, planning of surgery. The photography and analysing technique are used to assess facial aesthetics individually. The various types of photographic plans are proposed. Right and left profile view, frontal view and basal view are the minimum requirement to assess facial configurations. In recent development, numbers of software’s are available in the market which can be used in better way to explanation the surgical outcome. The open and closed rhinoplasty techniques are used to expose to the abnormalities of the nasal framework. The selection of technique is based on the experience of surgeon but the open technique is more preferred over the close technique. Ptosis, retraction and bifid tip are the common tip deformities and nasal tip correction is done mainly by suturing and sculpturing. The second part is focused on tip correction techniques. The osteotomies are required to correct abnormalities of the bony framework. The types of bony framework abnormalities are discussed in the last part. The osteotomies are required to correct the crooked deformity of the bony framework. Lateral, medial and intermediate are the osteotomies used to correct bony framework deformities. Good intraoperative correction and post-operative management are very important to get acceptable results.