Parenteral nutrition impairs plasma bile acid and gut hormone responses to mixed meal testing in lean healthy men

Summary Background & aims To investigate the acute effects of intravenous vs enteral meal administration on circulating bile acid and gut hormone responses. Methods In a randomized crossover design, we compared the effects of duodenal (via a nasoduodenal tube) vs parenteral (intravenous) administration over 180 minutes of identical mixed meals on circulating bile acid and gut hormone concentrations in eight healthy lean men. We analysed the bile acid and gut hormone responses in two periods: the intraprandial period from time point (T) 0 until T180 during meal administration and the postprandial period from T180 until T360, after discontinuation of meal administration. Results Intravenous meal administration decreased the intraprandial (AUC (μmol/L*min) duodenal 1469 ± 284 vs intravenous 240 ± 39, p Conclusions Compared to enteral administration, parenteral nutrition results in lower postprandial bile acid and gut hormone responses in healthy lean men. This was accompanied by higher glucose concentrations in the face of similar insulin concentrations exposing a clear incretin effect of enteral mixed meal administration. The alterations in bile acid homeostasis were apparent after only one intravenous meal.