КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ ГЕНА АНТИ-ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОГО СТРЕССА FeSOD ДЛЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ СОИ

Genetic engineering of key metabolic pathways, such as the phenylpropanoid cycle, is a powerful means of improving crops at a new stage of biotechnology in the post-genomic era. To date, advances in the genetic improvement of plants to the action of stresses are associated with the manipulation of one or more genes involved in signaling/regulatory pathways, or coding enzymes involved in these pathways. The aim of this study is to develop the stages of genetic design on the example of creating a promoter structure of the key antioxidant stress gene FeSOD, encoding the enzyme Fe-dependent superoxide dismutase, which gives plants resistance to oxidative stress and non-specific resistance to various types of abiotic and biotic stresses, by triggering signaling pathways associated with active oxygen forms (ROS). The creation of effective genetic constructs of the target FeSOD gene was carried out by methods of molecular gene cloning optimized during the research work. Main results: amino acid and nucleotide sequences were studied; signal sequences were cloned, expression cassettes were created, maps of the T-region of the target FeSOD gene were created. The gene was cloned into the plant plasmid pEXSOD10 and transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens, strain EHA105. The cloning and identification of this gene was confirmed by PCR, restriction and sequencing methods. Thus, a genetic construct of the FeSOD gene for plant transformation was created.