Serum expression of EAAT2 and ADORA2A in patients with different degrees of Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the correlation between serum EAAT2 and ADORA2A levels and Alzheimer's disease (AD). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 68 patients with AD treated in our hospital from April 2017 to January 2019 were enrolled and assigned to group A, and 60 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations in the same period were enrolled and assigned to group B. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the expression of serum EAAT2 and ADORA2A in the two groups, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the predictive value of diagnostic efficacy, Spearman correlation to perform correlation analysis, and multivariate logistic analysis to analyze risk factors of prognosis. RESULTS Patients from group A showed significantly higher serum ADORA2A level and lower serum EAAT2 level than individuals from group B (all p<0.001). The severity of AD was negatively correlated with the relative expression of serum EAAT2 (r=-0.7286, p<0.001), positively correlated with the relative expression of serum ADORA2A (r=0.7381, p<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of EAAT2 alone for the diagnosis of AD were 85.00%, 82.35%, and 0.8853, respectively, and those of ADORA2A alone for the diagnosis of AD were 71.67%, 79.41.00%, and 0.8369, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that disease severity, EAAT2, and ADORA2A were independent risk factors of the prognosis of AD. CONCLUSIONS Patients with AD have highly expressed ADORA2A and lowly expressed EAAT2 in the serum. EAAT2 and ADORA2A may play parts in the progression of AD, and they can act as potential serum biomarkers for the diagnosis and disease assessment of AD.