GÖRÜNTÜ ¯˘ LEME TEKN ¯ˆ¯ ¯LE PORSELEN KAROLARINNCELENMES ¯

1 , ˘ ukru GORGULU 2 OZET : Bu calo˙mada goruntuleme teknii kullan olarak sinterlenmikarolarda hata tespiti yap olm o˙tor. Calo˙mada karakterizasyonda kullan olmak uzere iki tip hatalo karo haz orlanm o˙tor. Birinci grupta; karolar on preslenmesinde tozlar on aras ona ka ˜ot konularak, ikinci grupta ise preslemeden kaynaklanan catlak iceren hatalo karolar kullan olarak, numuneler haz orlanm o˙tor. Bu karolar goruntu analiz teknikleri ile incelenmek ve kar ˙olatorolmak uzere farklo s ocakloklarda sinterlenmitir. Sonuclarda referans olarak kullan olmak uzere bir de standart karolar haz orlanm o˙tor. Sinterlenme sonras onda porselen karonun kalonlo˜o boyunca ultrasonik dalgalar on ilerleme suresi ve ultrasonik pik yukseklikleri darbe-yank o modunda calo˙an temaslo bir prob ile olculmu ˙tur. Ultrasonik A-tarama olarak bilinen bu metoda ek olarak yap olan ultrasonik C-tarama metodu ile de porselen karodaki hatalar on boyutu, yeri veekilleri goruntulenmitir. Boylece, C-tarama ile goruntulenen karolar on goruntu ileme metodu ileiddet kay oplar o belirlenerek hatalar on neden olduu kay oplar ortaya konulmutur. Sonuc olarak, goruntu ileme metodu, mevcut C-tarama sisteminden elde edilen goruntulere uyguland o˜onda, sadece elde edilen sinyal kayb o deerleri incelenerek hatalo karolar o, hatas ozlardan ay orman on mumkun olduu gozlenmitir. ABSTRACT : In this study, defects of sintered porcelain tiles were determined with image processing techniques. Two different types of defective tiles which would be characterized were produced in the study. In the production of defective tiles, a piece of paper was imbedded in porcelain tile granules before pressing the tile, and the other tile is pressed to purposely produce a tile containing pressing crack. These tiles were sintered at different temperatures for inspection with image analysis techniques and comparison. Standard tiles were also produced to utilize for reference at results. After sintering, the time of flight of ultrasonic waves and ultrasonic signal amplitudes were measured through the sintered porcelain tiles by a contact ultrasonic transducer operating on pulse-echo mode. In addition to this method known as ultrasonic A-scan, an immersion pulse-echo C-scan method was also used to determine the sizes, places and shapes of defects in porcelain tiles. Thus, image processing methods were used to determine attenuation losses of analyzed tiles. The visual analysis results gave an opportunity to differentiate defective tiles with only using image processing results.