The role of intraoperative pyelocaliceoscopy in the treatment of patients with staghorn and multiple kidney stones

The surgical treatment of 36 patients with coral-like and multiple nephrolithiasis have been analyzed. The obtained data demonstrate that intraoperative pyelocaliceoscopy in addition to the "open" pyelolithotomy significantly facilitates the revealing and the removal of the stones; shortens the time of the operation; allows to avoid very traumatic nephrotomic sections during complete stone removal (94.4%), and may be recommended in routine urologic practice.