Exact Steady-State Analysis of Phase-Shifted Dual-Input LLC Converter

This paper presents an exact steady-state time-domain analysis of the dual-input LLC converter. The converter interfaces two PV panels regulated via phase-shift modulation (PSM) to achieve dual maximum power point tracking (MPPT) while the load is controlled by the frequency-shift modulation (FSM) technique. The detailed mode-by-mode operation and steady-state analysis are presented are derived over one switching cycle according to three parameters: the switching frequency, phase shift, and load weight. Furthermore, the DC gain equations of each photovoltaic (PV) panel are derived and their corresponding control characteristic curves are given. To verify the theoretical analysis, detailed simulation results for a 600 W converter are presented.