Critical Entry Points—Genetics and Epigenetics

Abstract Precision medicine’s approach to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) will depend on the identification of individual genetic traits conferring susceptibility to CRS, evolution of disease, or response to medical or surgical treatment. In this review, the authors review the current knowledge of the role of genetics and epigenetics in CRS and describe current practical applications. While the interaction of genetic factors with environmental influences such as bacteria complicate direct transposition of genetic results to the clinic, there is nevertheless enough evidence to support that identification of genotypes conferring susceptibility will find a role in the precision medicine’s efforts of the future.