Prospects of carbon nanotubes as matrices for cell technologies

Abstract Using carbon nanotubes (CNT) in an extracellular matrix is based on several key factors. Firstly, CNTs are characterized by chemical inertness under the standard conditions of cellular microenvironment. Secondly, CNTs are able to form artificial fibrils, strands, and layers which can be used as a cell scaffold for cell growing. Thirdly, the CNT can be functionalized by protein complexes (antibodies, growth factors) and chemicals (antibiotics, cytostatic). These characteristics provide wide opportunities for the construction of a synthetic matrix for artificial tissue growing and for directing the differentiation of cells. CNT are a promising basis for cellular biotechnology. In this review, the authors summarize the advances of modern cell technology to use CNTs for the purposes of regenerative medicine, as artificial biomaterials and implants.