A Three-Dimensional Model of the Wise Personality: A Free Classification Approach

We explored the psychological construction of the wise personality with 45 participants, who took part in a free classification task involving 80 common Chinese words related to wise personality. After we had applied hierarchical cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling, and social network analysis, the results revealed 3 factors, namely, virtue, competence, and achievement, of the wise personality. In comparison with virtue, competence and achievement were more likely to be classified into 1 category. Our findings contribute to the establishment of the structure of the wise personality, and will form the basis of future wisdom studies on a practical level.