Simulation of bend-flow and pollutant diffusion using a modified 2D depth-averaged model

The purpose of this paper is to present a 2D depth-averaged model for simulating and examining flow patterns in channel bends. In particular, this paper proposes a 2D depth-averaged model that takes into account the influence of the secondary flow phenomenon through the calculation of the dispersion stresses arisen from the integration of the products of the discrepancy between the mean and the true velocity distributions. The turbulence model is used to compute turbulence stresses. As for the numerical solution procedure, the Finite Volume Method with the staggered grid and the SIMPLEC solution method are used to numerically solve the flow governing equations. Practical application of the model is illustrated by an example, and a fair agreement between the values measured and computed demonstrates the model’s capabilities.