Blended additive manipulated morphology and crystallinity transformation toward high performance perovskite solar cells

The efficiency of a perovskite solar cell is highly affected by the crystal quality and morphology of its perovskite layer. A facile strategy of using blended organic additives to regulate the film's crystallinity and coverage is studied in this work. The coordination behavior and sublimation temperature of the additives are the essential characteristics which determine the quality of the perovskite films. By introducing a certain amount of MACl, a kind of crystallinity-preferred additive, to partially replace MAAc, a coverage-preferred additive, the film's crystallinity has been obviously improved at no expense of coverage, which results in a lower trap density, higher efficiency and better stability.