Algal Problems and Their Control at EBMUD

THE District East of Bay Oakland, Municipal Calif., Utility supDistrict of Oakla d, alif., sup plies water to a 256-sqmi area with a population of 1,000,000 on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay. All water is filtered, the five filter plants being supplied by tunnels or aqueducts from six surface water storage reservoirs. The average consumption for 1963 was 160 mgd. The five filter plants of the district, like those of other water utilities, experience periodic operating problems traceable to algae. The primary problems include short filter runs and tastes and odors. The mean annual air tem-