Hydrogen Sulfide and Inflammatory Joint Diseases.
2017
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are widespread
rheumatic diseases characterized by persistent inflammation and joint
destruction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gas with important
physiologic functions in the brain, vasculature and other organs. Recent
studies have found H2S to be a mediator in inflammatory joint diseases. H2S
exhibited anti-inflammatory, anti-catabolic and/or anti-oxidant effects in
rodent models of acute arthritis and in in vitro models using human
synoviocytes and articular chondrocytes from RA and OA tissues. These
findings suggest that exogenous supplementation of H2S may provide a viable
therapeutic option for these diseases. The earliest studies used
fast-dissolving salts, such as NaSH, but GYY4137, which produces H2S more
physiologically, shortly appeared. More recently still, new H2S-forming
compounds that target mitochondria have been synthesized. These compounds
open exciting opportunities for investigating the role of H2S in cell
bioenergetics, typically altered in arthritides. Positive results have been
also obtained when H2S is administered as a sulphurous water bath, an option
meriting further study. This review summarizes the recent literature
concerning H2S and inflammatory joint diseases, highlighting relevant
developments.
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