Use of agriculture-based waste for basic dye sorption from aqueous solution: Kinetics and isotherm studies

Low-cost bare palm branches were prepared as a sorbent for methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. The effect of reaction parameters such as sorbent dose and its particle size, initial dye concentration and the medium temperature were investigated using a batch sorption technique. Additionally, the maximum saturated monolayer sorption capacity of bare palm branches for methylene blue dye was investigated. The isotherm data was well-described by the Freundlich equation. Based on the adsorption capacity, it was shown that the use of bare palm branches was a promising low-cost agriculture waste material for the adsorption of dyes from aqueous solutions. Kinetic parameters of adsorption such as the rate constant and the intra-particle diffusion rate constant were determined. The principal conclusions of the study were that the reaction follows the pseudo-second order reaction kinetics.