Renal Artery and Visceral Artery Endovascular Interventions

Catheter-based endovascular treatment has become the preferred method of initial treatment for patients with renal artery and visceral artery occlusive disease. Chronic renal and visceral arterial occlusive disease is most often caused by atherosclerotic disease. Other etiologies also have been shown to be associated with renal and visceral artery stenosis or occlusion, including fibromuscular dysplasia, extrinsic compression, vasculitis, dissection, and coarctation syndromes. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the renal artery results in renal-mediated hypertension and renal insufficiency. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the visceral artery can result in either chronic or acute mesenteric ischemia, depending on the extent of the occlusive disease and which of the three visceral vessels are involved. The treatment algorithms for each disease entity differ depending on the clinical presentation and anatomical findings.