Plastic identification apparatus and method based on near-infrared spectroscopy analysis

The invention discloses a plastic identification apparatus and a method based on near-infrared spectroscopy analysis. The plastic identification apparatus comprises a light source unit, a sample acquisition unit, a detection unit and a circuit control unit. The light source unit is used for providing a light source; the sample acquisition unit is used for collecting the reflected light of a to-be-identified sample and sending to the detection unit; the detection unit is used for performing light splitting on the reflected light and then transferring to a photoelectric current signal and then sending the photoelectric current signal to the circuit control unit; the circuit control unit comprises DC power supply, an operational amplifier and a computer control terminal; and the operational amplifier is used for receiving the photoelectric current signal and performing amplification, and then sending the amplified photoelectric current signal to the computer control terminal. The method comprises the following steps: training an identification model in advance based on an artificial neural network model, extracting a near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy of the to-be-identified sample according to the identification model, and acquiring the identification result of the to-be-identified sample. The method and the apparatus can accurately and rapidly indentify a plurality of common plastics.