Late-Onset Hiv Encephalopathy In Children With Long-Standing Virologic Suppression Followed By Slow Spontaneous Recovery Despite no Change In Antiretroviral Therapy: 4 Case Reports

We describe four CHER (Children with HIV Early antiRetroviral therapy) trial participants with late-onset HIV encephalopathy despite long-standing viral suppression in blood and undetectable HIV DNA and RNA PCR in cerebrospinal fluid. Extensive investigations revealed no alternative etiology. Reassuringly, all four experienced slow spontaneous recovery despite no change in antiretroviral therapy. Virally-suppressed HIV-infected children remain at risk for fluctuating neurologic signs and symptoms.