Increased Glycated Hemoglobin but Decreased Cholesterol after a Loss of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Community-Based Longitudinal Metabolic Parameters Follow-Up Study

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on metabolic parameters in a longitudinal follow-up manner. From August 2013 to August 2019, a community-based prospective study of H. pylori and metabolic syndrome (MetS) was performed in the northeastern region of Taiwan. A total of 1865 subjects were divided into four groups according to the serial results of urea breath test (UBT): new H. pylori infection (group 1, n = 41), null H. pylori infection (group 2, n = 897), loss of H. pylori infection (group 3, n = 369), and persistent H. pylori infection (group 4, n = 558). When comparing the subjects between groups 1 and 2, HBA1c was associated with a new H. pylori infection. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with a loss of H. pylori when comparing subjects between groups 3 and 4. Elevated HBA1c and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels but lower values of cholesterol and white blood cells (WBCs) were found during serial analyses within group 3. Conclusively, HBA1c was associated with a new H. pylori infection. BMI was associated with H. pylori loss. Increased HBA1c and HDL values but decreased values of cholesterol and WBC were associated with a loss of H. pylori infection.