Effects of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) Extract on Reproductive Parameters in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Induced in Rats by Estradiol Valerate

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders with a speared of around of 10% in the world. Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) extract as an herbal plant with essential oils, steroids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds was used for PCOs treatment in mature female rats induced by estradiol valerate (EV). Seventy rats were equally allocated into seven groups: control; Control + 1.2 g/kg BW yarrow extract; PCOs; PCOs + clomiphene citrate (CC); PCOs + 1.2, 2.5 and 5 g/kg BW of yarrow extract. EV effectively induced PCOs symptoms including irregular estrus cycles and a promotion in body and ovary weights, and the levels of LH, LH/FSH ratio, estrogen and testosterone (P