Fullerene-doped polyaniline

Polyaniline (PANI) doped with [60]fullerene has been prepared by electrochemical method (an aqueous medium at pit ∼1) in a copolymerisation process of aniline and o-, m- and p-aminobenzylamine-C 60 derivatives. The electrical conductivity of PANI with covalently bonded fullerene units is of 10 -2 S/cm and it depends on the temperature with activation energy of 0.002 eV and 0.068 eV, below 200 K and above 275 K, respectively. [60]fullerene units have also been incorporated into polyaniline network by the reaction of PANI macromolecules with hexanitro[60]fullerene. This results in an increase of the electrical conductivity, e.g. from 1 * 10 -3 S/cm to 4.1 * 10 -2 S/cm, while the activation energy does not change so much (0.078 eV above 275 K) except for a low temperature range (0.02 eV below 200 K). Similarly, we have observed a broadening of the EPR signal, changes in FTIR spectra and cyclic-voltammograms. The samples were prepared either as thin layers and a bulk material. In most cases, micro- and nanofiher structures have been observed with SEM.