Influence of different rates of gypsum application on methane emission from saline soil related with rice growth and rhizosphere exudation

Abstract The effect of different rate of gypsum fertilizer addition on rice plant performance and methane (CH 4 ) emission was evaluated for saline paddy rice soil by a pot experiment for 30 days. There were four treatments; control, gypsum 0.5 (G0.5), 1 (G1), and 2 (G2) ton ha − 1 with 3 replications. Gypsum application led to a significant decrease in pH and an increase in EC. Although no significant improvement in rice growth was observed between control and gypsum fertilizer treatments, the addition of gypsum fertilizers significantly improved the potassium ion concentration except G2 and significantly decreased the sodium ion concentration of plants. The addition of gypsum G0.5 and G1 resulted in higher concentration and larger species of organic acids of rice rhizosphere exudates. Furthermore, the addition gypsum fertilizer G0.5 and G1 enhanced CH 4 emission compared to control while lowest CH 4 emission was observed in G2. The highest CH 4 emission in G0.5 might be due to the highest availability of organic carbon which was contributed from the rhizosphere exudates of rice plants. The lowest CH 4 emission in G2 might be due to its lower above dry matter yield, lowest pH value, and excessive sulfate (SO 4 2 - ) concentration in the soil.